|
Titre :
|
Garden architecture in Europe, 1450-1800 : from the villa garden of the Italian Renaissance to the English landscape garden
|
|
Auteurs :
|
Torsten Olaf Enge ;
Hans Wiesenhofer ;
Martin Classen
|
|
Type de document :
|
texte imprimé
|
|
Editeur :
|
Cologne : Taschen, 1992
|
|
ISBN/ISSN/EAN :
|
978-3-8228-0540-4
|
|
Format :
|
240 / ill. en coul. / 30cm
|
|
Note générale :
|
Fonds Botanique
|
|
Index. décimale :
|
712.9 (Arts du paysage et jardins de l'Europe)
|
|
Catégories :
|
7 Pays et ensembles de pays > 7.20 Europe > Europe
|
|
Résumé :
|
p. 198:
Sir John Vanbrugh's masterpiece is indisputably Blenheim Palace, begun for the 1st Duke of Marlborough in 1705 following Malborough's defeat of the French at the Battle of Blenheim, in Bavaria. While Vanbrugh's remarkable architecture may be seen as a departure from classical form the original gardens by Henry Wise were still heavily indebted to the style of Le Nôtre. Court gardener to Queen Anne, Wise laid out a huge geometrical parterre no less than 31 hectares in size on the hill in front of the palace. To this he added a kitchen garden surrounded by a high brick wall. The parterre was an architectural garden, in which evergreen arabesques of box contrasted with brick dust and marble pebbles. Vanbrugh's second master-stroke at Blenheim was the building of a monumental bridge in the style of Palladio. After Marlborough and his architect had decided on the exact location of the house, it was discovered that broad, sloping valley lay in the direct path of the drive. The River Glyme and its tributaries ran through the valley, turning part of the ground into swamp. Two raised footpaths and some small bridges had been built across the marsh which were used as short-cuts from Woodstock to Oxford. Vanbrugh wanted to turn the marsh into a decorative element spanned by the most splendid bridge in the whole of Europe. At first the Duke was cautious. He consulted Christopher Wren, who came up with a more modest and less expensive plan. But even the Duchess's criticisms of Vanbrugh's grandiose plans did not prevent him winning the contest, and his huge bridge was indeed built, dwarfing the narrow River Glyme.
|
|
Note de contenu :
|
Although written evidence testifies to the high level of sophistication attained by Roman garden culture, it was the Renaissance which truly raised the garden in Europe to an art form. The increasingly audacious and expansive ideas of the artists and the unparalleled extravagances of their princes led in the Baroque period to the blossoming of garden design. In the 18th century, freed from its centralized perspectives and tempered in its flamboyant excesses by the social ideals of the Enlightenment and a new view of nature, the landscape garden was born. The most important stages in the development of garden design, its budding and blossoming and the reinterpretation of its traditional forms in the 18th century, are linked above all to Italy, France and England. The gardens of these countries dominate the three main photographic sections of this book. The international court culture of the past naturally produced Renaissance, Baroque and landscape gardens in residences all over Europe. This scope is justly reflected in the title of the present work: Garden Architecture in Europe.
|
